Explosivelyfit strength training builds powerful bodies! |
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Selecting strength exercises Planning a training program requires the coach to select exercises that will further the goals of the athlete. There are numerous decisions that must be made in this process. Whether to use free weights, machines, static tension holds (isometrics), body weight exercises, or Isokinetic equipment. Generally speaking, strength training is planned around the classifications attached to the change in muscle length. For instance, the exercise may be one of constant length, isometric in nature, or it may be concentric with the muscle fiber shortening as the exercise progresses. The opposite of concentric action is the eccentric contraction where the muscle lengthens during the movement. The latter two descriptions refer to isotonic muscle actions where ‘iso’ means constant and ‘tonic’ which in this case means tension. Each of the methods relies on the biological fact that motor units exist and it this existence that ultimately determines whether or not force will be produced. Every motor unit is made up of a motoneuron in the spinal cord and the fibers of the muscles it controls. Coordinating these motor units into a cohesive power generating force transforms the athlete into a dominating player on the field or platform. Beginning athletes will derive the greatest advantages from a training program that is designed with the following points kept foremost in mind. Starting with the identification and training of the major muscle groups that are stressed throughout the athletic event and ending up with a highly technical and powerful competitor, these are the guidelines to success. In all training programs the muscles that contribute the most to the activity have to be identified and then specifically trained. This definitely involves strengthening muscles that if not strong will increase the chances of injury. Lower back and neck muscles are prime areas of concern for a football player and a wrestler and these should be targets of training. An athlete must compete with a fully developed structure that has been trained to meet the demands of the sport. In preparing for the sport it is in their best interest to train the largest muscles of the trunk, particularly the abdominal wall and the muscles that surround the spinal column (spine erectors). Identification of the primary sport movements and the contributing muscle groups will guide the coach in selecting exercises that are best suited to enhancing the power output that is then displayed on the field or platform. This increased strength permits acquisition of higher quality sport techniques that are then useful in competitive situations. The coach must demand that a full range of motion (ROM) for each exercise and sport movement be performed, other wise the exercise will not be as beneficial as it could be. Full ROM is a prerequisite for successful completion of the movement and is furthermore an injury preventive necessity. If the muscle is developed via shortened ROM movements the chances of incurring an injury increase dramatically. |
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